Improving Life in the United States Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Improving Life in the United States - Essay Example One of the major concerns of America today is the growing number of obese people. Children are not exempted from such and this calls more attention to how American families are raising their children. Doctors and researchers all agree that American diet have drastically changed, relying on easy to prepare foods or the readily available victuals from fast foods. They are now promoting changes in how Americans eat, going back to how our ancestors, decades ago, ate. On a parallel, as this problem is being resolved, similar attention is solicited to a much wider scope of concern. The production and consumption of local farm products is advertized at a higher level because of its effect on the various aspects of American living. First, from health advocates who suggest that home-grown fruits and vegetables are far healthier because they are locally available while they are still fresh, with more nutrients as compared to imported products that have undergone various stages of preservation. Secondly, by environmentalists who suggest that local production and consumption will create a tight-knit interconnection between producers and consumers, enabling accountability between them (Morris, 641). Such a situation will create awareness about how the products are produced and transported and therefore will demand high standards of maintaining quality services from farmers and producers. Such awareness in turn, will help consumers appreciate the efforts of farmers and producers. Thirdly, from economists who argue that buying locally grown food is not only good for local economy but on a global level as well. Although there are beliefs that local production will kill developing countries’ economies especially those who rely on exportation for their economic growth, Morris says otherwise. To prove his point, he cites CARE, a non-profit organization that works to fight global poverty which refused to accept tens of millions of dollars in federal money for food aid in Af rica, arguing that such help undercuts farmers, making their situation worse and not better. He thus suggests that local production to make Africa self-sufficient is rather the solution to their problem and not reliance on exportation or help extended by successful countries (642). The environmentalist’s perspective mentioned earlier reflects in part the argument of Al Gore in his Nobel Lecture in 2007. He informed the American people that on the day he delivered his lecture, 70 million tons of global-warming pollution has been dumped and a larger amount will be dumped again the next day (721). If such an increase has been constantly growing for the past five years, imagine how large both American producers and consumers contributed to such pollution. The lack of accountability and awareness in the production and consumption of imported goods surely is a great factor to this global crisis. Therefore, in response to Al Gore’s call for the Americans to forge a united eff ort, with great individual involvement, everyone should become aware of this impending crisis that might dim the future of the next generation. Being accountable, this generation should act and, act quickly, together (724). The modern American lifestyle has improved a lot when one evaluates on the basis of technological advancements. However, there is no denying that such achievements have destructive consequences not only individually and locally but also globally. The fast-paced modern

Online shopping Essay Example for Free

Online shopping Essay For this assignment I have decided to research online shopping and the way it has been introduced into every day living. Online shopping has recently been on the increase due to the advance in technology and the cheapness and availability of computers have become in the last few years. For whatever reason it is certainly a highly used service and will always increase, as the Internet is becoming a bigger part in everyday living. The aspects of Internet shopping I am going to research are: Â  What are the best shops to buy from and why. Â  How easy it is to buy online. Prices of products compared to high street prices. * How secure it is to shop online. I will get my research from producing and handing out 30 questionnaires, reading books about the Internet and from the Internet itself. Research: A questionnaire was carried out as an initial step to gather information on the habits of peoples usage to online shopping. Questionnaires were handed out to people that do or have at one point used the Internet to do online shopping. The information I have gathered with this questionnaire is: i What age group uses online shopping the most i Read more: Essay About Advantages of Online Shopping What sort of products people buy online i Whats the most popular product people buy online i How often people buy online i How secure people think online shopping is Results of questionnaire: On the following page I have created pie charts to show the important results from the questionnaires. The questionnaires and full results of the questionnaires can be found in Appendix A at the back of this report. Pie charts: [image004. gif] Chart 1 Most popular sites Chart 4 shows the sites that were used the most. As you can see from the chart Amazon was the most popular with 41%, followed by Ebay with 14%.

Fighting Against Animal Cruelty English Literature Essay

Fighting Against Animal Cruelty English Literature Essay Fighting against animal cruelty is something Im particularly passionate and sensitive about. Some people may argue with me and tell me Im over reacting. However, I couldnt actually be bothered! People like myself are what our world needs to protect these creatures with no voice. In China dog control officers may kill any unaccompanied dogs on sight. There are no government supported charitable organisations like the RSPCA, which monitors the cases on animal cruelty. Animal abuse is on the increase in South Africa, and many of the perpetrators are young children. In 2006, three Randburg school girls set alight a mouse and watched as it burnt to death. They recorded the incident on a cell phone and their laughter is clearly audible as they enjoy the spectacle. Issues like THESE make me SO upset and angry! It kills me to see how people especially girls who are nurtures, can take it upon themselves to act this way! This is why taking care of or helping abused and abandoned animals is my most essential goal in life. My passion in life is to live in Paris in some little attic in someones house, and every morning wake up, set up my canvas and paint on the sidewalks. Ive wanted to do this since I was a little girl. Watching Aristo Cats and 101 Dalmatians has opened my mind to bigger things, and has showed me how free artists are in Europe. I want to paint and draw pieces that arent going to be assessed or moderated by people who are going to bring me down. I want to paint how I want to and what I want to, and then selling my artworks to people around the world and HOPEFULLY making money to open up an animal shelter or maybe more. Not only will I provide a home for all these poor lost and neglected animals; Im also going to go out and fight for them by being a part time animal cop. I can sit for hours and bawl my eyes out while I watch animal cops SA, MIAMI, HOUSTEN and PHOENIX on Animal Planet. This is what made me realise what my ambition was. Friends and family will tell you that I would sacrifice my life for an animal. And to you that may sound ridiculous, however it is the truth. Ive actually had two occasions when I felt like an animal cop. One of them was when I was in town one morning when the sun was blistering hot, I felt like I was baking! While walking along the pavement, I came across a puppy curled up in the corner of an open van. She had no water, no food and no shelter. This made me SO mad! I went back without my mum and confronted the man in that uncontrollable state. My mum was too scared to do anything about it so I stayed mad with her until she had to call my dad, who then told me to go to the nearest police station. This fortunately for me was across the road. I laid a charge by myself and those men were charged with animal abuse. After attending the circus 3 times when I was a little girl, Ive never been back since. Seeing animals being ill-treated in such an immoral and horrible way upset me terribly and my dad and I made a pledge that wed never go back to the circus again. Small things like this make a HUGE difference to our society and our world. The second incident when acting as an animal cop was when I went to my friends house to see her new kitten on a rainy night. Before I got there I had assumed that she was looking after this poor kitten that was found in the gutter. However, she was dumped in the Wendy house with no food, no water and no litter box! I found her behind some tools took her into the shower and washed her off all that dirt and grime. Shes now, living at home, with me. Her names Piglet because her nose is like a pig and she EATS like her pig! I d like to add that my cat has a bit of an identity crisis as she does no know whether shes a cat or a dog! She plays fetch with a rolled up cling wrap ball. When you throw it for her she skids and slides after it and brings it right back to you and drops it into your hand for more rounds. She sits in the shower with me because she LOVES WATER! She even plays catchers and hide and seek with me. I need say more. My mum told me that I was the animal farms weekly visitor without fail. Animals arent there for you to take your frustrations out on or to just feed them and leave. However they WILL sit there and listen to you when youre mad. upset and have no one to talk to. Whether you pass over that eagerly awaited walk in the park for the following day†¦ they still forgive you and will ALWAYS come running back into your arms. I hope that every one of you pay special attention to your animals, because just as much as they love you, they want you to love them back the exact same way without the voices to tell you so†¦

Misrepresentation of Love Essay -- Analysis, St. Augustine’s Confessio

â€Å"Our hearts find no peace until they rest in you† (21). The return to God, the means of doing so, and the manners by which man is turned from him in the first place, are central themes in St. Augustine’s Confessions; a historical work serving as confession, praise, and examination of faith. Autobiographical in nature, Augustine’s work retells the story of his life and of his spiritual journey in retrospect, considering each event and its importance to the larger framework of his religious philosophy, a result of the merging of Neo-Platonist thought and Catholic theology. Through this fusion, Augustine is able to reconcile God and â€Å"evil,† make a distinction between the physical and spiritual realms, and lay out his views on how one can come to know and love God the truest sense possible; how one returns to him. One of the main problems Augustine had as he began his examination of spiritual matters was the apparent existence of evil. Augustine was unable to reconcile the notion of God as unchanging and all-powerful with the evil that he saw in the world. If God was indeed omnipotent and the creator of all, how could evil exist if God did not have a hand in its making? Thus in his earlier years, Augustine fell in with the Manicheans, who held that God was not omnipotent, but rather in constant battle with evil and opposite force. Such ideas of evil and of God’s connection to the physical realm drove Augustine further from God. Fortunately, Augustine became dissatisfied with the Manicheans, whose flowery words proved to lack substance, and whose cosmological predictions proved less accurate than science and frequently a product of coincidence. Even after rejecting the dualism of Manichean thought, Augustine struggled to re... ...to be God-like, or even simply closer to God, being grounded in the tangible world, attempts are frequently and inappropriately invested in the physical realm, ultimately driving one further from God. Most sins are really just misdirected attempts to be like God. â€Å"Sloth poses as the love of peace...Extravagance masquerades as fullness and abundance†¦The spendthrift makes a pretence of liberality...The envious struggle for preferment†¦Grief eats away its heart for the loss of things which it took pleasure in desiring, because it wants to be like you, from whom nothing can be taken away† (50). Though introspection, we can pull ourselves from physical matters to spiritual matters, searching the soul for an inner memory of God, and thus better serve God (and the Force). Ultimately, love is not wrong, so long as love is through God. â€Å"Love them, then, in Him† (82).

Capital Punishment in the United States Essay

Have you ever thought about if the person sitting next to you is a murderer? If he is, what would you want from the government if he had killed someone you know? He should receive the death penalty! Murderers and other major offenders should be punished for the crimes they have committed and should pay the price for what they have done. Having the death penalty in our society is humane. It helps with overcrowding and gives relief to the families of the victims, who had to go through an event such as murder. You may not see it as that big of a deal, but the families of the victims of these criminals have to live every day knowing that while their family member is dead, this criminal is still well and living. Usually people just want to look past this problem because they are not in the position of the families of the murder victims, but you need to look at it through the eyes of these families. Until we stop just letting these things slide, they will continue to happen. The death penalty has been around since the time of Jesus Christ. Executions have been recorded from the 1600s to present times. From about 1620, the executions by year increased in the US. It has been a steady increase up until the 1930s; later the death penalty dropped to zero in the 1970s and then again rose steadily. US citizens said that the death penalty was unconstitutional because it was believed that it was â€Å"cruel and unusual† punishment (Amnesty International). In the 1970s, the executions by year dropped between zero and one then started to rise again in the 1980s. In the year 2000, there were nearly one hundred executions in the US. On June 29, 1972, the death penalty was suspended because the existing laws were no longer convincing. However, four years after this occurred, several cases came about in Georgia, Florida, and Texas where lawyers wanted the death penalty. This set new laws in these states and later the Supreme Court decided that the death penalty was constitutional under the Eighth Amendment. There also has been the problem of overcrowding in prisons and jails. Some people say that this is a problem but having more jails built will solve this problem. Having more prisons or jails built may help solve the problem but the death penalty effectively stops draining more money from the taxpayers to give these murderers a home. These murderers get three warm meals a day; they do nothing all day, and have a place to sleep just because the taxpayers fund these facilities. Murderers on death row do not deserve to get a place to stay. They deserve to have their lives taken for the crimes that they have committed.

Western Lowland Gorilla Facts

Western Lowland Gorilla Facts The western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) is one of two subspecies of western gorillas The other subspecies is the Cross River gorilla. Of the two subspecies, the western lowland gorilla is more numerous. Its also the only subspecies of gorilla kept in zoos, with few exceptions. Fast Facts: Western Lowland Gorilla Scientific Name: Gorilla gorilla gorillaDistinguishing Features: Relatively small gorilla with dark brownish black hair and large skull. Mature males have white hair on their backs.Average Size: 68 to 227 kg (150 to 500 lb); males about twice the size of femalesDiet: HerbivorousLife Span: 35 yearsHabitat: Western sub-Saharan AfricaConservation Status: Critically EndangeredKingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataClass: MammaliaOrder: PrimatesFamily: HominidaeFun Fact: The western lowland gorilla is the only subspecies kept in zoos, with very rare exceptions. Description Gorillas are the largest apes, but western lowland gorillas are the smallest gorillas. Males are considerably larger than females. An adult male weighs between 136 and 227 kg (300 to 500 lbs) and stands up to 1.8 m (6 ft) tall. Females weigh between 68 and 90 kg (150 to 200 lb) and stand around 1.4 m (4.5 ft) tall. The western lowland gorilla has a larger, wider skull than a mountain gorilla and dark brownish black hair. Young gorillas have a small white rump patch until they are about four years old. Mature males are called silverback males because they have a saddle of white hair across their backs and extending onto the rump and thighs. Western lowland gorillas, like other primates, have unique fingerprints and nose prints. Distribution As their common name suggests, western lowland gorillas live in western Africa at low elevations ranging from sea level to 1300 meters. They inhabit rain forests and forested areas of swamps, rivers, and fields. Most of the population lives in the Republic of the Congo. The gorillas also occur in Cameroon, Angola, Congo, Gabon, Central African Republic, and Equatorial Guinea. Gorilla species distribution. Fobos92 Diet and Predators Western lowland gorillas are herbivores. They preferentially select fruit that is high in sugar and fiber. However, when fruit is scarce, they eat leaves, shoots, herbs, and bark. An adult gorilla eats about 18 kg (40 lb) of food per day. The gorillas only natural predator is the leopard. Otherwise, only humans hunt gorillas. Social Structure The gorillas live in groups of one to 30 gorillas, usually averaging between 4 and 8 members. One or more adult males lead the group. A group stays within a home range of 8 to 45 square kilometers. Western lowland gorillas are not territorial and their ranges overlap. The lead silverback organizes eating, resting, and traveling. While a male may make an aggressive display when challenged, gorillas are generally nonaggressive. Females engage in sexual behavior even when they are non-fertile to compete with other females. Young gorillas spend their time playing, much like human children. Reproduction and Life Cycle The reproductive rate of western lowland gorillas is very low. In part, this is because females dont reach sexual maturity until age 8 or 9 and dont reproduce when caring for young. As in humans, gorilla gestation lasts about nine months. A female gives birth to one infant. An infant rides on its mothers back and depends on her until it is about five years old. Occasionally, a male commits infanticide to gain a opportunity to mate with its mother. In the wild, a western lowland gorilla may live 35 years. Females care for young until they are around five years of age. Willis Chung / Getty Images Conservation Status and Threats The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists the western gorilla as critically endangered, which is the last category before global extinction in the wild. Only about 250 to 300 of the Cross River gorilla species are believed to remain, while estimates place the number of western lowland gorillas around 300,000 in 2018. While this may seem like a relatively large number of gorillas, the population size continues to dwindle and the animals face serious threats. Challenges facing the western lowland gorilla include deforestation; loss of habitat to human encroachment for settlements, farming, and grazing; climate change; slow reproductive rate coupled with infertility; and poaching for trophies, folk medicine, and bushmeat. Disease may pose an even greater threat to gorillas than other factors. Western lowland gorillas are one of the zoonotic origin of HIV/AIDs, which infects gorillas in a similar fashion as it does humans. Gorillas suffered over 90% mortality from an Ebola epizootic in 2003 to 2004 that killed two-thirds of the species population. Gorillas are also infected with malaria. While the outlook for wild western lowland gorillas appears grim, the species acts as a seed disperser, making it key to the survival of many other species in its habitat. Worldwide, zoos maintain a population of about 550 western lowland gorillas. Sources Darc, Mirela; Ayouba, Ahidjo; Esteban, Amandine; Learn, Gerald H.; Bouà ©, Vanina; Liegeois, Florian; Etienne, Lucie; Tagg, Nikki; Leendertz, Fabian H. (2015). Origin of the HIV-1 group O epidemic in western lowland gorillas. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 112 (11): E1343–E1352. doi:10.1073/pnas.1502022112Haurez, B.; Petre, C. Doucet, J. (2013). Impacts of logging and hunting on western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) populations and consequences for forest regeneration. A review. Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Socià ©tà © et Environnement. 17 (2): 364–372.Mace, G.M. (1990). Birth Sex Ratio and Infant Mortality Rates in Captive Western Lowland Gorillas. Folia Primatologica. 55 (3–4): 156. doi:10.1159/000156511Maisels, F., Strindberg, S., Breuer, T., Greer, D., Jeffery, K. Stokes, E.  (2018).  Gorilla gorilla ssp. gorilla  (amended version of 2016 assessment).  The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species  2018: e.T9406A136251508.   doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T9406A136251508.en Rogers, M. Elizabeth; Abernethy, Kate; Bermejo, Magdalena; Cipolletta, Chloe; Doran, Diane; Mcfarland, Kelley; Nishihara, Tomoaki; Remis, Melissa; Tutin, Caroline E.G. (2004). Western gorilla diet: A synthesis from six sites. American Journal of Primatology. 64 (2): 173–192. doi:10.1002/ajp.20071

Analysis of Style and Response to Stephen Jay Gould

Analysis of Style and Response to Stephen Jay Gould Stephen Jay Gould was an American evolutionary biologist, paleontologist, and a historian of science. Gould has gained recognition as one of the most influential and vastly read writer in the area of the popular sciences, throughout his generation. The larger part of Gould’s career was spent working at the Museum of Natural History, and as a lecturer at the Harvard University.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Style and Response to Stephen Jay Gould specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Gould’s highly recognized contribution to the field of science was the founding of the theory of punctuated equilibrium, which he cooperatively developed with Eldgeredge in the year 1972. The theoretical model proposes that major evolutionary phases, are characterized by extended periods of evolutionary constancy, which are briefly broken by the instances of branching evolutionary trends (Lowood). Gould is, perhaps, best recognized for the contributions he made to the evolutionary theories, history, and the philosophy of science. Gould is also recognized as the author of 300 successive essays for his monthly column, under the title, This View in Life, published in the Natural History Periodical. This author has also written 20 best-selling book titles, and scientific papers in the range of one thousand. From his work and publications, he received titles like the Medal of Edinburgh among others. This paper is an evaluative account of his writing endowment in the areas of his unique writing voice, his distinctive writing style, and the characteristic traits that identify his writing from all others. The paper will also analyze his style, in the area of argument structure, how he builds ideas to the reader through reason and citing support for his claims, as well how he clearly addresses his target audience through his writings (Natural History 48-57). It may not be much work to identify the writ ings of Gould, considering the fact that through his writings, he clearly depicts uniqueness in writing and a unique writing voice. In the area of his distinctive writing style and voice, it is highly explicit from his writings, that he uses a unique writing voice as a mode of creating plainness of content, and increasing the comprehension. Citing special reference to his work, The Median Isn’t The Message; the following writing voice and style are evidently explicit. First, it is clear that one of the strengths he shows through his writings is the usage of an active voice, as opposed to the usage of a passive voice (Dunn). One example of how he uses this voice in The Median Isn’t The Message is the quote, â€Å"many people make an unfortunate and invalid separation between heart and the mind.†Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Gould’s w ritings are dominant with the usage of the active voice, as he seeks to avoid the negative effects of using the passive voice in scientific or logic-based writings. Some of the disadvantages of using a passive voice include the portrayal of ideas in an awkward manner, and the presentation of the expressed ideas in a mode that depicts them as vague and complex. Also, the usage of the passive voice makes the ideas being conveyed, to seem flat and not critical enough to engage the writer. Therefore, one of the identifying traits is the voice used in Gould’s writings (Gould 57). Yoon, in the May 20, 2002 New York Times, had this to say, â€Å"He employed a voice that was a successful combination of learned Harvard professor and baseball everyman,† clearly depicting the nature of Gould’s writing voice. In the area of diction, Gould uniquely uses a writing style that seeks to portray clarity and the distinctiveness of each word or the idea contained in a sentence. Thi s is evident from the quote: â€Å"Consider the standard example of stretching the truth with numbers, a case quite relevant to my story.† Here, he uses words which can substantially be considered as carefully chosen, to portray the idea that he seeks to express through the given sentence. Considering this strength of Gould’s writings, it is clear from his writings, that he carefully selects the words to use, as a way of putting the idea in question as clearly as he can. In this line of argument, Gould’s work is in agreement with (Fahnestock Secor 372), in that; he fully uses sources and references to support his claims, citing the thinking of intellectuals like Mark Twain. Gould is also a highly effective author, and his style is quite unique, considering that as, (Fahnestock Secor 327) argue, he takes reason into consideration, before making choices on the sources to use as support for his ideas. In the area of syntax, it’s clear from Gould’s w ritings, that he chooses the word order he employs carefully, as a way of ensuring that the ideas he is conveying are drawn-out in a clearly comprehensible manner. In the area of punctuation, Gould’s punctuation style is characteristically useful in the breaking of his sentences down, as he does this to improve the comprehensibility of the ideas he is conveying. This is evident from the quote, â€Å"the median, a different measure of central tendency, is the half-way point.† From the sentence, it is evident that Gould uses punctuation, mainly as a tool to enhance the comprehensibility of his works. From the quote, it is clear that he breaks down the different clauses, to show that one or two of the clauses are in support of, or explaining the previous ones (Natural History 48-57).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Style and Response to Stephen Jay Gould specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In ana lyzing the writing style of Gould, it is clearly evident from his writings, which Gould tries to catch the attention of the readers, and also engage them in the matter of discussion, which enhances his writing style. This is evident in The Median Isn’t The Message, where he seems to ask the reader questions during the course of the discussion. This, according to him, may have been a tactic he uses to capture the attention of the audience, as well as an attempt to get the reader to think about the subject of discussion. An example here is shown in the quote, â€Å"what does meridian mortality of eight months signify in our vernacular?† Then, he goes ahead to answer, â€Å"I suspect that most people without training in statistics would read such a statement as† This clearly shows that he seeks to involve the views, and to engage the thinking of the reader, as this can be of importance in arriving at a better understanding of the works (Natural History 48-57). Goul d unique writing style can also be attested to, by the dialogue in his literature. An example here is his questioning of his doctor, where he says, â€Å"what does he bet technical literature about mesothelioma?†, to which she replied that there was no literature worth reading in that field (Dunn). From reading The Median Isn’t The Message, it is clear that Gould’s presentation of ideas and arguments is fully unique, as he uses the available understanding and knowledge as the basis, upon which he builds newer ideas of understanding. In this case, his presentation of ideas is highly technical; as it clearly shows that he builds non-existent ideas, as well as ideas in opposition to the available ones. This, he does through the ingenious mode of building upon the available knowledge, towards creating a shift from the old ways of thinking and knowledge. In support of this line of thinking, Gould first explains on the area of mean and median, as a standard basis on w hich interpretations and judgments are done, fully agreeing with its reality and significance. However, he later challenges the standards of mean and median, as evaluative tools that do not vary, and tools that are full determinants of truth and meaning. Here, he goes further to argue that individuals have been nurtured into understanding mean and median, as functional tools that cannot be challenged, or as irreducible standards. However, he clearly demonstrates using his example, to show that if the median was the standard for the reality of measurements, then he would have been dead, as the medical figures regarding his health indicated. Further, he argues that despite the standard nature of the realities that humans are used to, these standards are also dependent on other premises, other than the ones documented already (Gould 2).Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, he is simply trying to point out that the constructions of standards and realities are also in one way or the other, affected by other conditions and circumstances, and not just by the documented or standardized facts. From an evaluative perspective of the works of Gould, it is evident that he is building onto the already established realities and standards. However, he takes the perspective of supporting such standards as significant, though not accommodative of the other factors that come into play. Therefore, he bases new understanding and intended mind change on the audience, on the already established understanding and values, but in a pursuit to refute or modify the original ideals (Fahnestock 58). Being one highly esteemed and widely read author, Gould addresses the general public, though he targets specific groups in some of his works. It is clearly comprehensible that he targets the general public, from the diversity of the subjects addressed, especially, through the authorship of his essay papers. Through his writings, he communicates a range of subjects, including: communicating his enthusiasm and wonder, an account of his fight with cancer, and the problems encountered in statistics, citing examples from baseball. Through his works, he also addresses evolutionary perspectives and the misunderstanding and blunders resulting from the cross-consideration of religion, psychology, culture and sociology. He also authored provocative essays on areas like racism, creationism, and misogyny. Considering the varied nature of the literature works authored by Gould, it is only evident that his target audience is the general public. On the subject of whether he reaches the target audience, it is clear from the sensitivity of the subjects under discussion, that he clearly reached his audience, which can also be traced from the wide readership he received before and after his death. Gould’s literature worked for the audience he intended very well , which can be proved from the accomplishment he made, when he was appointed an assistant professor in 1967, which was due to his writing success (Gould 1). The accomplishment was fully realized, mainly because those years comprised an exciting time for evolutionary biology. His success in reaching the target group can be supported by the quote, â€Å"I intend my essays for professional and lay readers, alike an old tradition, by a way of scientific writing†¦and the passing of knowledge.† (Gould 58). Dunn, Steve. Prefatory Note by Steve Dunn. Cancer Guide, 31 May 2002. Web. Fahnestock, Jeanne, Secor Marie. A Rhetoric of Argument. New York: McGraw-Hill Publishers, 2003. 58, 327,372 Print. Gould, Stephen. â€Å"The Median Isnt the Message.† In Kelly, Joseph. The Seagull Reader. New York: W.W. Norton, 2008: 57-58. Print. Gould, Stephen. â€Å"The Economist.†The Economist Newspaper, 23 May 2002. Web.: 2 Gould, Stephen. The Median Isnt the Message. Cancer Guid e, 2002. Web.: 1 Lowood, Henry. Presidential Lectures: Stephen Jay Gould: Introduction. Welcome! Stanford Presidential Lectures and Symposia. Stanford University, 1998. Web.. Natural History. Natural History This View of Stephen Jay Gould 1999. The Unofficial Stephen Jay Gould Archive, 1999. Web.. Yoon, Carol. Stephen Jay Gould, Biologist and Theorist on Evolution, Dies at 60. The New York Times, 20 May 2002.

Gender Inequality in America

Gender Inequality in America Introduction This paper is aimed at presenting the timeline that can throw light on the history of gender discrimination in America. In particular, it is important to focus on such issues as occupational segregation, gender pay gap, education, and political representation because they determine the status of a person in the society. To a great extent, these examples can demonstrate how this problem evolved with time passing.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Gender Inequality in America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Timeline 1619 The proposal to provide men and women with equal portions of land is not supported the Virginia House of Burgesses (Miller, 1966). They were allowed to have only 50 acres of land (Miller, 1966, p. 201). This event is not closely discussed by historians; however, it could have profound implications for the status of males and females in the United States. The main problem is that this decis ion contributed to the economic inequalities between men and women, and the legacies were noticeable for a long time. Overall, the restriction prevented many women from acquiring the positions of great authority in the new settlements. 1692 This year is marked by the beginning of the Salem witch trials. They resulted in the execution of many people who were mostly women. This event highlighted the extent to which women were vulnerable to the prejudices of the society. Admittedly, this catastrophe cannot be explained only by gender discrimination because it also takes origins in the religious beliefs of people who instigated these trials. However, one should keep in mind that the accusations of witchcraft could stem from the deep prejudice against women, especially those ones who were not married. Therefore, this event can also be viewed as a form of gender discrimination. 1769 The colonies adopt laws according to which women are not allowed to possess their own property. This privil ege was given only to their husbands. These laws should not be disregarded because they virtually deprived women of their self-sufficiency. The policy of the government contributed to the formation of a patriarchal society in which women could not express their views on any significant issue such as political life of the society or its economic development. Therefore, the importance of this event cannot be underestimated.Advertising Looking for report on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More 1772 Salem College is established. It should be noted that it was the first college established for females. It should be noted that for a long time, this college was the only educational institution that served the needs of women. One should keep in mind that the first co-educational college was founded only in 1833. This lack of attention to the education of women deprived them of many employment opportunities. 1787 T he delegates present at the Constitutional Convention decide that voting qualifications should be determined by the legislators of separate states (Vile, 2005). As a result, women are denied the right to vote in every part of the United States, except New Jersey. This particular event is important because it lead to the exclusion of women from the political life of the society. Moreover, they did not have any direct channels for influencing the development of the society. 1807 Females are deprived of the right to vote in New Jersey. It should be mentioned that at that time, New Jersey was the only state in which females were allowed to take part in the political life of the society. This event demonstrated that the state legislators wanted to exclude females from the political life. This problem was addressed only at the beginning of the twentieth century. 1848 Seneca Falls Convention is organized. During this convention, various female activists discussed the issues related to the problems encountered by women. In particular, they focused on such issues as employment, education, and political representation. This event attracted the attention of many journalists who discussed the arguments put forward by female activists. This convention was one of the landmarks in the development of the civil rights movement. 1848 The famous Myra Clark case begins. This case was vital for the status of women because it was related to their legal rights to inherit and own property. One should bear in mind that at that time, only several states enabled women to enjoy property rights.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Gender Inequality in America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Therefore, the verdict of the court could have profound implications for the economic status of American women. At that time, they were struggling for the right to act as independent economic agents. 1867 American legislators give the ri ght to vote black men. Nevertheless, women are denied the same right. To a great extent, this controversial decision stimulated women’s right movement because at that time, many females understood that American legislators had been unwilling to promote their political empowerment. This is one of the details that be singled out. 1872 The Congress passes legislation according to which the employees of the federal government should be given equal pay regardless of their sex. The main problem is that this right was not given to the female employees of private companies. As a result, many females could not protect their interests in the court. The problem was resolved only in the second half of the twentieth century when legislators began to eliminate wage discrimination. 1872 Susan Anthony is arrested for trying to vote. This event was important because it indicated that the state could take punitive action against women who were willing to take part in the political life of the country. This decision increased the tensions in the American society. At that time, the struggle for the right to vote was critical for many American women. 1873 It is important to speak about the case which is known as Bradwell v. Illinois. According to the decision of the Supreme Court, state legislators had a right to deny women the right to work as lawyers. This event should not be overlooked because it prevented many women from entering legal profession. As a result, their views on many social problems were often overlooked by the state. To a great extent, this Supreme Court decision can be viewed as an example of occupational segregation. One should keep in mind that the ability to practice legal profession was critical for the promotion of women’s rights.Advertising Looking for report on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More 1896 The National Association of Colored Women is established. It should be kept in mind that this organization was important for protecting people who could be discriminated on the basis of their gender as well as race. The association was vital for supporting many underprivileged women who faced different forms of discrimination. 1897 The New York State Association Opposed to Woman Suffrage is founded. This organization attempted to show female suffrage could not benefit the society. The formation of the organization intensified the tensions in the American society. The members of this organization were extremely critical of the increased political representation of women. 1920 This year was marked by the adoption of the Nineteenth Amendment according to which the state legislators could not deny citizens the right to vote on the basis of their sex. The change in the U.S. legislation enabled women to influence the internal and external policies of the country. Yet, it is critical to remember that the political participation of women was not welcomed by many governmental officials. 1945 The administrators of Harvard Medical School agree to admit women. Later these restrictions on the admission of women were removed in other educational establishments. This example is important because it shows that for a long time, women were barred from the most prestigious universities such as Harvard. Therefore, one can say that they were deprived of opportunities for achieving higher social status. It is also important to mentions that these barriers were not required by the state. In many cases, this sexism was imbedded in the policies of separate educational institutions. 1946 It is important to speak about the case which is known as U.S. v. Ballard. This court decision limited the ability of women to act as jurors. In many cases, the lawyers were allowed to exclude female candidates who wanted to become jurors. Therefore, very often women could not express their views on various criminal cases. This is one of the issues that should be considered. 1963 The U.S. Congress adopts Equal Pay Act which explicitly prohibits discrimination against women in the workplace. In particular, this law is related to the compensation provided to male and female workers. The adoption of this law significantly raised the income of women in the United States. One should keep in mind that this law was supposed to eliminate different forms of discrimination that could be based on race, ethnic origin, religion or race. This legal act enabled women to protect their interests in the court and companies that were biased against female workers could be required to pay fines. 1973 Military academies in the United States are required to admit women. It should be noted that before this event, the United States Army excluded women, even though in many cases, this institution relied on their labor. In turn, the decision created more opportunities for women who wanted to join mil itary organizations. However, this example also indicates that even after World War II, the American government was unwilling to promote the empowerment of women. 1978 The discrimination against pregnant women is prohibited by the state. It should be noted for a long time, employers could easily fire women who got pregnant. Very often, pregnancy could be one of those factors that slowed down the career growth of many female employees. Moreover, female employees could not protect the position in the court. 2007 It is important to mention the Supreme Court case known as Ledbetter v. Goodyear Tire. According to this decision, a worker can sue an employer for gender pay discrimination only during the period which is limited to 180 days (Leavitt, 2013, p. 163). Therefore, this decision enhanced the legal power of companies. Furthermore, many of the discriminatory practices went unpunished. Thus, it is possible to say that gender discrimination has not been completely discriminated, but i n the course of history, the American society has made considerable achievements in the promotion of equality. Additionally, there are many legal provisions that enable women to protect their interests. Reference List Leavitt, G. (2013). Class Conflict: The Pursuit and History of American Justice. New York, NY: Transaction Publishers. Miller, J. (1966). The First Frontier: Life in Colonial America. New York, NY: University Press of America. Vile, J. (2005). The Constitutional Convention of 1787: A Comprehensive. New York, NY: ABC-CLIO.

Technology and media-should counterculture be primitive or cutting Essay

Technology and media-should counterculture be primitive or cutting edge(need to elaborate) - Essay Example It assumes that one has to give up something in order to gain another. In this case, for the artist to continue his or her work, he or she has to give up the creative independence and submit to the dictates of corporate hegemony where art lacks the originality and virtuosity that ideally characterizes art but rather seeks for mainstream validation that would make it profitable thus reducing art as a mere business endeavor. Kurt Andersen made an insigthful analysis in his thought provoking article in Vanity Fair on how business corrupts art. He argued that the contemporary artistic phenomenon and those crafted twenty years ago were basically the same in consonance to the commercial art maxim that there is nothing new or original in this universe except the artistic capacity of packaging and delivering old ideas in new forms and formats. Andersen further argued that â€Å"Lady Gaga has replaced Madonna, Adele has replaced Mariah Carey- both distinctions without a real difference†¦ (Andersen 2).† Art then as treated by mainstream media with its corporate funding is gauge not by its â€Å"soul† or social and artistic relevance and value, but rather on its economic value. Taking these arguments at its face value, it seems that these are extreme positions about art where nobody wins. Art by its purist form will inevitably die due to lack of resources or funding to even continue itself while commercializing it will deliberately sacrifice creativity for commercial acceptance and succes. This problematic situation warrants for an exploration of options whereby art can pursue itself by reconciling with mainstrain media without losing its creativity and artistic independence. All is not grim for purist art however. Despite its limited resources and its effort to insulate from the dictate of mainstream media, purist art had success in the recent decades which tells that there is a chance that purist art will be â€Å"embraced by the commercial mainstrea m to a substantial extent (King 1)†. If it does, it means that Indie art can avail of the advantages of technology and resources present in mainstream media without selling or compromising itself. Should mainstream media embrace Indie art, the latter can then capitalize on the exploiting cutting edge options to bolster its USP of creating immense spectacles, forging larger than life creations and take over the mainstream audience with its pricy awe and grandeur. Despite purist art recent success however, the nagging question still remains that art still needs resources to begin with its work. Without the preliminary funding to expose itself to the public, art will not have even a chance to be accepted and have mainstream validation which stresses further the reality if not inevitability of merging pure art with mainstream media. While this may sound advantageous to purist artist, this new position of pure art cohabiting with mainstream media breeds a new set of problem of defe ating the essence of art. Hibbert elaborated on this reservation saying that Indie culture not only offers to its adherents an aesthetic genre they could identify with, but it also facilitates them with a method, exploiting which they could socially differentiate themselves from the mainstream viewership (Hibbett 55). And this distinct aesthetic genre which differentiated purist art from commercial art may be corrupted or even ruined when too much technology is used as afforded by mainstream media in

Options for Implementing a Leadership Change Essay

Options for Implementing a Leadership Change - Essay Example Moreover generating short term wins. Also, making sure that the change is here to stay, and be altered again as per the need of the hour. Kotter moreover maintains that a big number of individuals are required to make alterations take place rather than any single individual along with their wants to be a society of leadership inside the organization. The people, who have contributed in the formation of the organization, were not in for it for fame, they were in it for the passion of the field of bio technology, and how they wanted to change the whole field of research with their remarkable findings. Looking at Don , it seems that he has been a good leader moving on with his participative style of leadership until this point in time , he has maintained a very cooperative environment , and also has maintained a very cordial relationship with the pioneer team members which has reaped him huge fame and revenues. Accordingly, he has always recognized his employee efforts at each and every step of his progress (Kelly, 1998). Now, currently, the company is facing the scenario of globalization that is taking place around the world very rapidly in every field of life .The bio technology field now demands innovative technology products and new research genres, for which Don along with the approval of his board members is jumping onto the act of an IPO. Wherein, presumably the results will put them on a higher scale even in terms of Wall Street as well as his own corporation, by going public. Gene one needs to work really hard on the project as the team members who are within the senior management are not too experienced with the concept f handling an entire IPO process. It also seems that this is taking a toll on all the senior management's attitude as well as their performance and relationship amongst each other and amongst their team members. As a result of the new suggestion of switching onto an IPO and public, the team members and the other players, have started laying hands on each other, presuming that the target is unachievable, some of them are also presumable not too happy about the IPO decision. Within this situation Teri sends in her resignation, which is compelling don to think that maybe he is not the right person to be handling or leading his team at this point in time. There are several recommendations that can be made but it would be best to relate to this with the leadership literature. A change strategy: Don to begin with needs to comprehend the detail that victorious leadership approaches ought to diverge with administrative inferences of change in addition to the total of time required to achieve the desired revisions. additionally his team members who think about this stride of

MS Project and Critical Path Analysis (1 Day Training Program for Essay

MS Project and Critical Path Analysis (1 Day Training Program for Level 6 UG Students) - Essay Example The report outlines the training content and other resources as per initial requirements communicated by Mr. Smart. The program specifically focuses on using MS Project and CPA in Project Management Methodology. Project Management Ltd. (PML) has been invited to prepare the project management plan for Big Idea Ltd. The project is a one day training program on ‘project management and the use of MS Project and Critical Path Analysis (CPA)’ for level 6 undergraduate students. The project plan, including costing, marketing and controlling will need to be incorporated in the report. Big Ideas Ltd. has approached us to prepare the plan for the one day training program and requires us to be associated on it throughout the project life cycle, from doing the feasibility study to completion of the project. Although, the company has started the feasibility study for the project, it requires PML to start from this stage of the project. The project is a one day training program aimed at level 6 undergraduate students of all universities. It is intended to teach the students the importance and use of MS Project and the Critical Path Analysis (CPA) in Project Management. As students are set to enter the professional world after college, their knowledge and skills at Project Management tools and techniques would be handy in carrying out their day-to-day management and reporting activities easily. Defining project requirements Big Ideas Ltd. expects the consulting team from PML to carry out the following tasks: a. Define the team’s approach to developing the plan using the Project Life Cycle; b. Develop a scope statement; c. Outline the main themes for the training day, with a brief statement of each presentation; d. Develop a work breakdown structure and explain it; e. Include a suitable team structures for each phase of the project; f. Estimate time and cost durations of activities both before and on the day; g. Construct a Gantt chart to determine the base line cost and duration of the project and analyse it; h. Provide a process for monitoring and controlling the project; i. Construct an outline project risk register; j. Conduct a Stakeholder Analysis of the project; and k. Provide a recommendation. Definition of project management Firstly, we define what project management is and its scope. â€Å"Project management is concerned with the overall planning and co-ordination of a project from conception to completion aimed at meeting the stated requirements and ensuring completion on time, within cost and to required quality standards. It is normally reserved for focused, non-repetitive, time-limited activities with some degree of risk and that are beyond the usual scope of operational activities for which the organization is responsible.† (Project Management (1.7 ProjectManagement.pdf), 2012). Project management includes the managing of resources, time, schedule and performance and costs of a project.

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT TERM PAPER Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10000 words

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT TERM PAPER - Essay Example Although external factors have played a very crucial role in the current situation of GM Europe, still, the internal strengths of the company like recognition, state support, global operations, U.S. leadership and many others are making the company capable to avoid the threats of closure. The report also shows that the current opportunities in European market such as demands of fuel-efficient, small cars and green cars are some of the unexplored opportunities for GM Europe. The internal and external factor analysis shows that company is less responding to threats and opportunities than its average ability however, it is efficiently responding towards its strengths and weaknesses. The SPACE analysis shows that in consideration to the current position of GM Europe, company should adopt conservative strategies such as product development, market penetration. Such strategies will help the company to remain consistent in its revenues and to grow its market shares. During the last year, GM Europe has been planning different strategies however, finally in February 2010; the restructuring plan of the company has been announced. The report critically analyses all different alternatives presented by GM Europe throughout the year. Finally, selling the percentage of Opel Shares, downsizing, bottom cost cutting, development of green and fuel efficient cars have been considered as the most appropriate strategies for GM Europe. This report also shows the three years projections of GM Europe and it has been highlighted that in 2010 revenues of the company will go in negative, however, breakeven profit is expected in 2011 and positive profit is expected in 2012. The market shares of the company will also grow during this period and costs such as manufacturing costs, fuel costs will be reduced because they are the major parts of restructuring plan. Therefore, GM Europe survival is

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Our World in 25 Years - Essay Example This makes it imperative to have a procrastination of the future and predict what new things we will have then, relative to how the discoveries have continued to shape the world (Cox). The vigorous researches that are being conducted on various areas of medicine today have created significant discoveries, which have made it possible to eliminate a number of conditions across the world. However, some condition have remained a thorn in the flesh of the scientist as no breakthrough has been discovered to enable scientist eliminate them. Despite the setbacks that have been witnessed in the area of medicine, the progress that has occurred over the last 25 years demonstrates that the 25 years holds a lot of potential for this field. With massive discoveries and development of new technologies for doing research, a number of changes will be witnessed in 2039 in the field of medicine (Davenport). AIDS remains a challenging disease to scientist today who has attempted to design a drug to eliminate it or to develop a vaccine to control its spread without success. However, in the next 25 years, the world will have the pleasure of using the AIDS vaccine, as the scientist will make a major breakthrough in their research. Just like polio was a major disease almost 25 years ago that eliminated and crippled a large number of people, AIDS is a major epidemiological condition. However, similar to the development of the polio vaccine several years later, the scientist will develop an AIDS vaccine in the next 25 year (Pelletier). Patients’ care has remained one of the core problems facing the world today due to the lack of hospital spaces and the large number of patients admitted daily. However, with the emerging technologies, the next 25 years may witness significant changes in the approach adopted towards patients’ care. A new health monitoring system will be in place that will ensure that most

Stacey's view of Organisations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Stacey's view of Organisations - Essay Example All this stems from one concept, the concept of complexity. This affects the way managers approach strategic management, chaos in their organisation and in managing the complex responsive processes that form the basic interaction between the people. "Strategic management is the process of actively participating in the conversations around important emerging issues. Strategic direction is not set in advance but understood in hindsight as it is emerging or after it has emerged." (Stacey 2003, Ch:17, p 15). Stacey's approach to the organizational structure as a complex adaptive systems which are analogous to viewing them as a combination of complex responsive processes, modifies the approach of the manager to a great extent. According to Stacey, since the organisation is formed too many complex factors, the extent to which the happening in the organisation can be predicted is very low. Every organisation is individualistic. The self organising experience of the organisations tends to make them evolve into a form of their own. Every individual who make up the organisation responds in his or her own way making the organisation all the more complex. Therefore, Stacey suggests, that it is highly impossible for a manager to create a clear target for the organisation and move towards it (Stacey 2001). It is quite possible for the company to get affected by the varied factors and the target itself could get diluted. This concept is also reinforced by other writers. Strategy is structured chao s, says Shona Brown and Kathleen Eisenhardt (1998). Whether the manager looks at the organisation from an external position or from the internal position, the chaos in the company has influence on the way the work is done in the company. This also affects the decisions and the interactions, thereby making the strategy an evolving concept rather than one fixed strategy that would move towards an achievement. More often, according to Stacey, modelling theories tend to treat the number of factors that affect the chaotic behaviour in an impersonal way; whereas, all these are highly subjective and tend to vary with the people and their moods. This has to be taken into consideration when deciding on the strategy of the organisation that is to be worked out. There can possibly be an overall plan or objective or mission and the methodology to achieve the same could be evolved as the work progresses. Sometimes this evolution could also occur when a problem comes up. All this implies that there will continue to exist, the control and targeted m anagement in the organisation; however, organisations cannot survive by following a blue print. Instead, it is the spontaneous self-organisation that moves it forward. (Stacey 2003, Ch:13 p 19). Stacey's Alternatives Stacey suggests a number of alternatives to the managers. These alternatives under the chaotic condition that most of the organisations tend to be in, are the following: 1. In the ever changing context that the businesses are in, it is essential for the manager to take a different perspective on various common aspects that make up the world of change. 2. Stacey views, mind itself can be thought of as a set of complex responsive processes, making it a subset of the organisation. With numerous people making up the organisation and every person is a set of complex

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT TERM PAPER Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10000 words

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT TERM PAPER - Essay Example Although external factors have played a very crucial role in the current situation of GM Europe, still, the internal strengths of the company like recognition, state support, global operations, U.S. leadership and many others are making the company capable to avoid the threats of closure. The report also shows that the current opportunities in European market such as demands of fuel-efficient, small cars and green cars are some of the unexplored opportunities for GM Europe. The internal and external factor analysis shows that company is less responding to threats and opportunities than its average ability however, it is efficiently responding towards its strengths and weaknesses. The SPACE analysis shows that in consideration to the current position of GM Europe, company should adopt conservative strategies such as product development, market penetration. Such strategies will help the company to remain consistent in its revenues and to grow its market shares. During the last year, GM Europe has been planning different strategies however, finally in February 2010; the restructuring plan of the company has been announced. The report critically analyses all different alternatives presented by GM Europe throughout the year. Finally, selling the percentage of Opel Shares, downsizing, bottom cost cutting, development of green and fuel efficient cars have been considered as the most appropriate strategies for GM Europe. This report also shows the three years projections of GM Europe and it has been highlighted that in 2010 revenues of the company will go in negative, however, breakeven profit is expected in 2011 and positive profit is expected in 2012. The market shares of the company will also grow during this period and costs such as manufacturing costs, fuel costs will be reduced because they are the major parts of restructuring plan. Therefore, GM Europe survival is

Stacey's view of Organisations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Stacey's view of Organisations - Essay Example All this stems from one concept, the concept of complexity. This affects the way managers approach strategic management, chaos in their organisation and in managing the complex responsive processes that form the basic interaction between the people. "Strategic management is the process of actively participating in the conversations around important emerging issues. Strategic direction is not set in advance but understood in hindsight as it is emerging or after it has emerged." (Stacey 2003, Ch:17, p 15). Stacey's approach to the organizational structure as a complex adaptive systems which are analogous to viewing them as a combination of complex responsive processes, modifies the approach of the manager to a great extent. According to Stacey, since the organisation is formed too many complex factors, the extent to which the happening in the organisation can be predicted is very low. Every organisation is individualistic. The self organising experience of the organisations tends to make them evolve into a form of their own. Every individual who make up the organisation responds in his or her own way making the organisation all the more complex. Therefore, Stacey suggests, that it is highly impossible for a manager to create a clear target for the organisation and move towards it (Stacey 2001). It is quite possible for the company to get affected by the varied factors and the target itself could get diluted. This concept is also reinforced by other writers. Strategy is structured chao s, says Shona Brown and Kathleen Eisenhardt (1998). Whether the manager looks at the organisation from an external position or from the internal position, the chaos in the company has influence on the way the work is done in the company. This also affects the decisions and the interactions, thereby making the strategy an evolving concept rather than one fixed strategy that would move towards an achievement. More often, according to Stacey, modelling theories tend to treat the number of factors that affect the chaotic behaviour in an impersonal way; whereas, all these are highly subjective and tend to vary with the people and their moods. This has to be taken into consideration when deciding on the strategy of the organisation that is to be worked out. There can possibly be an overall plan or objective or mission and the methodology to achieve the same could be evolved as the work progresses. Sometimes this evolution could also occur when a problem comes up. All this implies that there will continue to exist, the control and targeted m anagement in the organisation; however, organisations cannot survive by following a blue print. Instead, it is the spontaneous self-organisation that moves it forward. (Stacey 2003, Ch:13 p 19). Stacey's Alternatives Stacey suggests a number of alternatives to the managers. These alternatives under the chaotic condition that most of the organisations tend to be in, are the following: 1. In the ever changing context that the businesses are in, it is essential for the manager to take a different perspective on various common aspects that make up the world of change. 2. Stacey views, mind itself can be thought of as a set of complex responsive processes, making it a subset of the organisation. With numerous people making up the organisation and every person is a set of complex

Examine the Concept of the State and Election Essay Example for Free

Examine the Concept of the State and Election Essay Robert Rosen wrote: I will begin by stepping back a bit, by supposing that we do not yet have a notion of state at our disposal. In effect, I will retreat to the level of percepts and perceptions and treat the self as a pure observer. The idea of state, being a concept and not a percept, thus does not yet enter the picture at all. Thus, all we have is the self looking out at its ambience. What does it see? All the self can see is a sequence of percepts, ordered by its subjective sense of time. We suppose that the self can choose which percepts it will look at (in more sophisticated language, which variables it will measure) and whether it will look continuously or sample at discrete intervals. (Subjective) time is itself a complicated concept (see AS), but it is a primitive that we can take for granted at this level. Thus, the result of the self looking at its ambience is only a tabulation; a list of what is seen, indexed by when it is seen. Such a list we shall call a chronicle. Chronicles can thus be completely arbitrary things, at least insofar as what is tabulated in them is concerned. Weather bureaus, stock exchanges, census takers, and a host of other familiar institutions provide endless streams of them. In the scientific realm, they are data. To the historian, entirely concerned with what happened when, they are the very stuff of existence.

Why China Is A Threat To India History Essay

Why China Is A Threat To India History Essay 1. The Chinese leadership believes that conflict is due largely to the rapacious role of the adversary, and that in this zero-sum context the application of violence is highly efficacious for dealing with the enemy. These assumptions generally translate into preference for offensive strategies followed by progressively less coercive ones, where accommodation is ranked last. This makes conflict over territory and other core interests of the Chinese regime and the PLA highly likely if the other state refuses to accommodate to Chinese goals.1 2. The Chinese defence white paper for the year 2008 critically analyses the world security situation and clearly brings out Chinas willingness to play a major role in international affairs. China also gives out its military policy as that of active defence, which means that China can launch a pre emptive if the need be so. The white paper also gives out probable reasons as to why would China go on war with any nation. The white paper states World peace and development are faced with multiple difficulties and challenges. Struggles for strategic resources, strategic locations and strategic dominance have intensified. Meanwhile, hegemonism and power politics still exist, regional turmoil keeps spilling over, hotspot issues are increasing, and local conflicts and wars keep emerging. 2 The reasons for likely struggle (conflicts) as given in the white paper in context of India are being analysed below: (a) Strategic Resources. Strategic resources in Indian context which could affect Sino-Indian relations could be water, natural gas, oil, exploration rights over sea and in other continents/ nations. The Chinese ambitious plan to divert river Brahmaputra before it enters India could be potential cause of conflict. Moreover, China views water of the yarlem Tsangpo (Brahmaputra) as an important natural resource, especially for its North Western provinces. Chinas dependence on imported oil will continue to rise and it is assessed that by 2010, it will be importing 61% of its oil requirements and by 2020, the figure will rise to 76.9%. Indias oil imports by 2020 are likely to be 91.6%. 3 majority of Chinas oil (about 54% ) 4 is imported from the African continent whereas majority of Indian oil imports are from the middle east countries. Chinas oil imports will have to cross the Indian ocean, where Indian Navy has the potential and capability to interdict these strategic supplies. China v iews this as a major weakness and is trying to counter balance the Indian Navy by its string of pearl policy. Especially the port that China is developing at Gwadar in Pakistan could provide China a base from where Indian oil supplies could be threatened. Chinese participation in anti piracy operations in the Gulf of Aden, could provide the PLAN experience of conducting operations far away from the mainland. This could come in handy especially in keeping the threats from Indian Navy at bay in case of a conflict. (b) Strategic Locations. Chinas perceived strategic frontiers can be said to include the Indian Ocean and the Malacca straits to the South West, South China Sea, the East China sea, in addition to the current territorial boundaries and claimed justification over the aforementioned territories. 5 As interests between India and China clash in these regions, conflicts cannot be ruled out. China also views Central Asian Republics as important and strategic locations due to the enormous amount of gas reserves there. China has also made efforts to establish its presence in a manner so as to secure its sea lanes of communications, import gas through pipelines avoiding shipment through Indian Ocean where India can influence Chinese shipping, and also to acquire strategic bases such as Gwadar in Pakistan, Coco islands to be able to establish strategic naval capabilities. The reaons for conflict with India will keep increasing wherever interests clash. (c) Strategic Dominance. China views itself as one of the major powers in the world and the leading power in Asia. Mr Barak Obama termed it as the leader amongst Asian countries during his maiden visit to China. China also aspires to be a powerful nation second to none. In the Chinese quest for greatness Chinese analysts feel that two nations, Japan and India could be hindrances in its road to greatness. Japan because of the overbearing legacy from history and India due to its differences with China. The Tibet Issue 3. China invaded and captured Tibet in 1956. Indian opinion about Chinese occupation of Tibet has changed over a period of time and India now recognises Tibet as a part of China. However, Chinese still feel that India through the Dalai Lama tries to bring to fore the Tibet issue. Notwithstanding, Indias support to China during the anti China protests by Tibetans in the run up to the previous Olympics, Chinas mistrust of India has never diminished and could be used as an ostensible cause for conflict against India by China. Territorial Dispute 4. Today the line of actual control by both sides in the in the eastern sector conforms to the McMahon Line. The disputed area between the pre-1914 outer line and the McMahon Line covers a total area of 90,000 square kilometers. According to China this area comprises Tibets three districts of Monyul, Loyul and Lower Zayul; and according to India, this area is its Arunachal Pradesh. In the western sector, the line of actual control runs roughly along the Karakoram Range, conforming to the Chinese claim. The Indian Government however, claims that the boundary runs along the Kunlun range from the Karakoram pass. The disputed area is the Aksai Chin region between the two ranges, covering a total area of about 33,000 square Kilometers. This area falls mainly in Chinas Xinjiang and Part of it belongs to the Ari district of Tibet. The Indian government claims that it is part of its Ladakh area of the state of Jammu and Kashmir. This area is sparsely inhabited, serving only as the traffic ar tery linking Xinjiang with Tibet. The unresolved border dispute has been an irritant in Indo China relations and can be a potential cause of conflict in future. Recent Diplomatic Struggles 5. Chinas recent reactions over Indian prime ministers visit to Arunachal Pradesh, Dalai Lamas visit to the same place and issuing visa to Indian Kashmiris on a separate paper have been seen has diplomatic offensives by China to contain India. Analysts feel that China could be looking for reasons to launch a swift political offensive against India in future to resolve the border issues in its favour. China has resolved its border disputes with those counties which are relatively weaker. 6 It could be deduced that China wants to resolve its disputes with other nations from a strong position so as to gain an advantageous deal. Moreover, normalisation of relations with Taiwan offers China the flexibility to switch forces from its Eastern borders to the borders neighbouring India. China Pakistan Nexus 6. China has been helping Pakistan militarily and in nuclear technology to develop a foil for India and to contain India in South Asian region. Export of military technology and hardware and clandestine support to Pakistan in for developing strategic weapons such as missiles and nuclear weapons flouting all international norms is seen as an effort to dilute Indias military potential. China does not at present wish to see any tensions on its borders with India. But at the same time, its approach to our sub-continental neighbours and our friends in ASEAN indicates that it will spare no effort to contain India strategically. Its actions like continuing assistance for Pakistans nuclear and missile programmes are quite evidently a part of this policy. 7 Insecurity of the Chinese Leadership 7. China is an economic success story but its leadership is highly insecure. The Chinese government under the communist party has every reason to feel confident. Yet, a Chinese professor, Liu Xiabao, was recently jailed for eleven years, just because he publicly advocated freedom of expression and an end to one-party rule in China. 8 Such incidents, human rights conditions, lack of freedom to press, media and internet in China, the Tiananmen incident etc indicate that Chinese communist leadership does feel highly insecure of any uprising against it. Further, India is the country that is spoken of most often as an enemy in China. 9 The leadership may resort to drastic acts such as annexation of Taiwan or an attack on India to divert public attention, if it is cornered by a popular movement in China against the Communist party. End Notes 1. Sujit Dutta, Chinas emerging Power and Military role: Implications for South Asia p 94 2. Chinese White Paper on National Defence; Year 2008, downloaded from www.china.org on 24 Sep 09 at 1500 h 3. Commander PK Ghosh, The Maritime Dimensions of Indias Energy Security calculus, p 33 4. Vice Admiral Raja Menon in his speech at DSSC on Dec 09 5. Ashok Kapur, China and Proliferation: Implications for India p 405 6. Kondanpalli Sreekanth in his lecture at DSSC Wellington on Nov 09 7. Kondanpalli Sreekanth in his lecture at DSSC Wellington on Nov 09 8. Ian Burma, The Times of India, Bangalore, 16 Jan 10 9. Downloaded from yahoo.com on 28 Sep at 0900 h

Turkey Vultures :: essays research papers

Turkey Vultures   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Vultures are large birds of prey closely related to hawks and eagles. They are divided into New World vultures and Old World vultures, both belonging to the order Falconiformes. The New World vultures, in the family Cathartidae, consist of seven species in five genera. Among the New World vultures include the Cathartes aura, also known as the Turkey Vulture.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Scientists say that turkey vultures are shy, inoffensive birds. Some researchers have discovered that the bird is very helpful to the environment. Its habit of cleaning up decaying and diseased carcasses makes it a sanitary engineer par excellence, while its keen sense of smell has been pressed into service to find wasteful and dangerous gas leaks. And the vulture’s unique knack for conserving energy has intrigued scientists for years.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although the turkey vulture has a large, turkeylike body and sporty red head, it is not even distantly related to the turkey. Instead, turkey vultures- along with their cousins in the United States, the black vulture of the South and East, and the nearly extinct California condor-belong to a group of raptors called New World vultures. Chromosome analysis shows that the New World vultures are actually more closely related to storks than to the vultures of Europe, Asia, and Africa.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Turkey vultures are remarkably successful birds. They range everywhere from parts of Canada and much of the United States to South America. At home in deserts, prairies and woodlands, they have even settled close to people in a number of urban and suburban areas.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Observed in flight, the turkey vulture appears black with the underside of its wings grayish or silvery, giving the birds a two-toned appearance. They characteristically hold their wings in a slight V, or dihedral, thus aiding identification. On rare occasions, they hold their wings flat and eagle-like which, if seen at a great distance, may cause the birds to resemble eagles. In flight, the turkey vulture holds it’s naked head, crimson-red as adults and grayish-black as immatures, downward in contrast to eagles, which hold their heads forward.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The tail of the turkey vulture extends far beyond the rear edge of its wings. They typically rock or tilt from side to side while gliding or soaring on updrafts or circling overhead. Their occasional wingbeats are powerful and labored. Turkey vultures are large birds with wingspreads of about six feet. Their wings are long, moderatly wide, and have strongly slotted tips. Typically, the wings are held slightly above a horizontal plane when the bird is aloft. This forms a characteristic dihedral which is very useful in making correct field identification. Although turkey vultures use thermals, they are more

Albert Camus :: essays research papers

Albert Camus is one of the most renowned authors in the twentieth century. With works such as Caligula, The Stranger, Nuptials, and The Plague, he has impacted the world of literature to a great extent. This great success was not just "given" to him "on a silver platter" however. He endured many hardships and was plagued with great illness in his short life. Camus is a great role model and idol for us all. 	Camus was born into poverty on November 2, 1913 in Mondovi, Algeria (a former French colony in Africa). His mother, Catherine Sintes, was a cleaning woman, and his father, Lucien Camus, was a farmhand. Only a few months old, Albert lost his father in the horrors of World War I in 1914. After the loss of his father, him, his brother and his mother moved in to his grandmother's three-bedroom apartment with his two uncles. The only way Albert "escaped" from this harsh reality was on the beaches of Algiers. At the age of fourteen, Camus was diagnosed with the first stages of tuberculosis. This disease plagued him for the rest of his life. At age seventeen, Albert moved in with his uncle by marriage, Gustave Acault, who provided Albert with a better environment as well as an actual father figure. After enduring the hardships of his childhood, Camus began writing at age seventeen. 	Camus wrote many influential works and gained much success, starting at age seventeen, when he decided to strive to become a writer. Albert's first "literary experience" was gained as a member of the "North African Literary Group." By 1932, he was writing articles for the magazine entitled Sud. Albert entered the University of Algiers on scholarships in this same year. As an art critic, he wrote articles for the newspaper Alger-Etudiant in 1934. In the same year he married Simon Hie who was wealthy but was plagued with a drug addiction. This marriage only lasted for about two years. After earning a degree in 1935, Camus was awarded the diplome d'etudes superieures with his thesis "Christian Metaphysics and Neoplatonism." In 1934 he became a member of the Communist Party, but this only lasted until 1937. Albert was also a successful journalist, writing for the Alger Republicain, the Paris-Soir, and the Combat. On December 3,1940, Albert Camus marr ied for the second time to Francine Fautre. After all of this success, some fabulous works followed.

Mitosis and Meiosis Essay

Abstract: There are two types of nuclear division, mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis is usually used for the growth and replacement of somotaic cells, while meiosis produces the gametes or spores used in an organism’s reproduction. Hypothesis: Mitosis occurs in whitefish blastula and onion root tip, and it is easily observable. Meiosis and crossing over occurs in the production of gametes and spores. Materials: This lab required prepared slides of whitefish blastula, onion root tips, ovary, and testis, a microscope, and chromosome kit. The prepared slides of whitefish blastula and onion root tips, ovary, and testis were observed under the 10x and 40x objectives. Mitosis is easily observed in cells that are growing at a rapid pace such as whitefish blastula or onion root tips, which was used in this lab experiment. The root tips contain and area called the apical meristem that has the highest percentage of cells undergoing mitosis. The whitefish blastula is formed directly after the egg is fertilized. This is a period of rapid growth and numerous cellular divisions where mitosis can be observed. In mitosis the cell is in interphase, and have a distinct nucleus and nucleoli where the thin threads of chromatin thicken into distinct chromosomes and the nuclear evvelope breaks open releasing them into the cytoplasm. The firs signs of the spindle begin to appear, next the cell begins metaphase, where the spindle attaches to the Centromere of each chromosome and moves them to the same level in the middle of the cell. This level position is called the metaphase plate. Anaphase begins when the chromatids are separated and pulled to opposite poles, th en the final stage is telophase. The nuclear envelope is reformed and the chromosomes gradually uncoil. Cytokinesis may occur, in which, a cleavage furrow will form and the two daughter cells will separate. Meiosis is more complex and involves two nuclear divisions. The two divisions are called Meiosis I and Meiosis II and they result in the production of four haploid gametes. This  process allows increased genetic variation due to crossing over where genes can be exchanged. This process allows increased genetic variation due to crossing over where genes can be exchanged. The process , like mitosis, depends on interphase to replicate the DNA. Meiosis begins with Prophase I. In this stage, homologous chromosomes move together to form a tetrad and and synapsis begins. This is where crossing over occurs resulting in the recombination of genes. Metaphase I moves the tetrads to the metaphase plate in the middle of the cell, and Anaphase I reduces the tetrads to their original two stranded form and moves them to opposite poles. Telophase I then prepares the cell for its econd division. Meiosis II generally resembles mitosis except that the daughter cells are haploid instead of diploid. DNA replication does not occur in Interphase II, and prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase occur as usual. The only change is the number of chromosomes. Reference: LabPaq, Englewood Co, 2008 Raven, Johnson, Mason, Losos, and Singer. Biology 10th Ed., McGraw-Hill., New York, NY., 2014 http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/michael.gregory/files/bio%20101/bio%

Communication Assignment Essay

Describe the main differences between communicating with adults and communication with children and young people (3. 2) Although there are some factors of communication that should be present regardless of age or development such as respect and courtesy, as adults and teaching staff we should adapt our communication and language with who we are talking to and their age. There is a need when communicating with children and young people to be clear and unambiguous. This helps children and young people understand what we are saying and expressing as well as helping them develop language and communication skills to use for themselves. As teaching staff when communicating with a child or young person it is important not to use too much language as the message or request could become confused and lost by the child or young person. It is important to ensure that the child or young people understand what is being asked of them and that teaching staff should ensure that this level of understanding is achieved and remember to be patient and mindful of age and development. It is also important to bear in mind that child and young people will copy adult behaviour and it is therefore imperative to model the kind of communication you would expect from them. This is why ensuring respect, accepting contributions and differences of opinions, being polite and courteous are crucial when communicating with children/ young people and adults. Identify examples of communication difficulties that may exist (3. 3) Communication is a crucial skill and helps us express feelings, make choices and aids us in all aspects of life, there are many pupils that struggle with communication and areas of difficulty can arise for a variety of reasons. This could be due to special needs or because of attitudes and beliefs. Physical Factors These could include speech impediments such as a stammer or more serious physical conditions or special needs which effect the ability of communication. Working in a special needs school I work with many students that are not able to verbally communicate for a number of different reasons such as severe autism, severe developmental delay and down syndrome. Although these students are fully supported and often have other ways to communicate they can often become frustrated that they cannot communicate their feelings. It also affects their independence. Confidence Confidence could be another barrier to communication. Confidence can be developed with practise; a pupil’s self esteem is linked to feelings of self-affirmation and belonging. As teaching staff it is important to empower pupils and give them the confidence that assists communication for example this could be done by giving a pupil enough time to respond and by being sensitive. Cultural Differences There may be communication difficulties due to cultural differences. This could be created because of different expectations created by culture. An example of this could be that a student in a school maybe part of a culture where eye contact is not encouraged this could mean that people may not pick up as many non verbal cues. Describe how to adapt communication to meet different communication needs (3. 4) It may be necessary to adapt the way in which you communicate if you are communicating with someone who has difficulties in this area. The following techniques can be used †¢ Speak clearly and appropriately when communicating. †¢ Slow your speech if necessary. Use visual aids such as pictures, photograph or flashcards. †¢ Use a translator if necessary. †¢ Use sign language. †¢ Maintain good eye contact and use positive body language. †¢ Use facial expressions and hand gestures. Working in a school for severely disabled young people, many of the students have communication difficulties, for many their communication skills are not representative of their age. This has meant that staff in the scho ol have to adapt to enable the students ways to communicate their feelings/wants/needs appropriately. Although teaching staff try to encourage speech there are other techniques that are used. For example * Makaton signing Makaton is a language programme using signs and symbols to help people to communicate. It is designed to support spoken language and the signs and symbols are used with speech, in spoken word order. * Symbols/ Visual aids/ Visual timetables Symbols can be used to re enforce a message or a request used along side speech, an example of this could be handing a student a stop sign and saying â€Å"stop† if the student was being silly. Symbols can also be used as part of a visual timetable, these are usually used in autistic classes, symbols (or words) that represent the activities the students will be doing that day and in the correct order so they are aware of what they will be doing. * Electronic speakers Some students that are not able to communicate verbally use an electronic speaker; these are specialised computers that enable people to communicate. The user presses different buttons to communicate what they are trying to say, the speaker says the different words out loud. * PECS Picture, exchange, communication system (PECS) is a system of communication in which the student hands symbols to an adult to request something or to communicate a feeling. It tends to be used in autistic settings and gives students the opportunity for spontaneous communication. Describe how to deal with disagreements between; * The practitioner and child/ young people There can often be disagreements between teaching assistant staff and young people. This could be because staff have to put boundaries and rules in place which the young people may not agree with. In the case of a disagreement it is important to address the situation. The staff member should stay calm and collected and explain why they have taken the action that they have taken. In this case, of a disagreement because of boundaries the staff team should be consistent. Depending on the nature of the disagreement it may also be an idea to discuss it afterwards when everybody is thinking rationally, this could be an opportunity to talk about why it happened and how to prevent in the future. In my care setting there have been occasions that young people have targeted staff for unknown reasons. This can be difficult for the staff, in this case it’s important to provide support as a team. The staff member may want to do activities and tasks with the young person in the future to develop relationships. * The practitioner and other adults (3. 5) It is likely that when working along side people in a work setting that there will be disagreements. This could be for a number of reasons, including poor communication or clashes of personalities and ideas, as adults we can sometimes misread situations and information given, we can also be defensive and lead by our emotions. In these conflict situations it is important to be sensitive as well as keen to resolve the situation and soon as possible. Being open and honest about thoughts and feelings can help resolve a situation and ensure that both parties do their best to prevent it happening again. It is also important to remember that as an employee you are contracted to be professional. If employees are not able to resolve a disagreement they should refer to the schools grievance policy or procedure.

Handling the difficult employee Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Handling the difficult employee - Research Paper Example Also the responsiveness of the management and the eventual sources of these difficult situations would also be taken into count here. This paper discusses how difficult situations are managed within organizations and what the role of management is to make sure that these are curtailed at all times. It is first and foremost very significant to define what comprise of these difficult situations. When these definitions are given a clear cut go ahead in terms of their understanding, then only one could find out the vital link between the diagnosis and the remedy that comes about in the wake of such difficult situations. Hence these difficult situations are circumstances when it is improbable that the employees are able to complete their jobs in an able way. Also the management discerns that this is indeed a quagmire that it has entered into, and thus there is no other way round which can be brought into the picture that shall solve the difficult situation once and for all (Beer, 2011). H owever, these difficult situations do crop up at the worst possible times and do not have any alternative solutions to rectify the gravity of the problem that has arisen. These could be tussles taking place within an organization amongst the employees or rifts that could mean severe repercussions for the entire organizational harmony. In addition, these could include the day to day cold war scenarios amongst the employees or even with their bosses, and the office related issues which have a great deal of bearing on the eventual allowances, bonuses and other financial aspects that deal with employees’ salaries in essence. In short, there are multitude of problems that need to be corrected and that too within a short amount of time, and there is no other way than to tackle these difficult situations once and for all. This will prove to be a hectic job but then again all Herculean work tasks need to be analyzed properly before they are corrected once and for all. The role of the management in finding out the exact ways and means to take care of such difficult situations is immensely significant. This is because the management is the sole caretaker of the organization and has to decide for its own good what is the best foot forward and how problems need to be proactively gauged and then solutions are determined for the same. If the management has a clear cut policy in hand as to how it will tackle these issues, then it means that the difficult situations would be kept at a safe distance and no problems would come about to give the people and more importantly the management a sort of surprise which they never expected. Then again, there needs to be proper understanding on the different aspects as to what could be remarked as a difficult situation and what is not such a circumstance at all (Brounstein, 1993). The employees are the best possible judges to remark a problem as a difficult one or to discard it altogether. A proactive approach would surely solve q uite a few issues and this will be the basis of success within the management frameworks, all of which would take care of the organizational processes, activities, tasks and work flow areas. On the same token, the sources of these difficult situations are also important to make note of. This is because not

The Constraint of Global Peace and Security by Military Policies durin Assignment

The Constraint of Global Peace and Security by Military Policies during the Cold War - Assignment Example No country is immune from such situation in the future that can lead to a new round of confrontation and arms race, which in turn can cause an irreparable harm to society and to the world at large. It is a common knowledge that war, nuclear weapon, and its tests are destructive in the international conflict solution. However, no matter what, the idea of superiority and supremacy instinctively makes people fighting and trying to win. During the Cold War, our world faced with such situation, when two superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union put at stake the further existing of the whole humanity. In the current paper, based on the facts from the analyzed literature, we will try to present objectively the course of a war, understand the reasons that shaped the situation, and draw the appropriate conclusions. In this respect, the main question of the current paper is how the parties of the conflict finally managed to restrain the military tension during the Cold War. After the fall of the Third Reich, there was no power in Europe that was able to oppose the Soviet Union. Therefore, in many Western European countries increased the influence of the left parties (the Labor Party won the elections in Great Britain in 1945) and the positions of the Communists strengthened. The USSR and the USA were the most powerful and influential countries economically, as well as in terms of military power. These countries were divided by the ideological contradiction, specifical communism against capitalism. The latter led to the obvious hostility in the international relations. The internal situation in these countries was characterized by the active impersonating and search of the enemy. The dissidence was also recognized as a form of subversive activity. Such atmosphere was quite a common situation since it was a characterizing feature of the totalitarian regime... In the United States, such internal tension gave birth to McCarthyism, the persecution of the cit izens, who were suspected in anti-American activities (Perry, Chase, Jacob, Jacob and Von Laue, 2012).